I. The Research Revolution: Bringing the Trial to the Patient For decades, clinical trials—the engine of medical progress—have been restricted to centralized research sites. This traditional model created significant barriers: massive logistical burdens for patients, long travel times, and a lack of diversity among study participants. The solution is the Decentralized Clinical Trial (DCT) . A DCT fundamentally changes the way research is conducted by moving some or all trial-

Post-Marketing Surveillance (PMS) plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety of medicines once they are used by the general population. Since clinical trials involve limited participants, not all rare or long-term adverse reactions are identified before approval. With India’s large, diverse patient population, continuous monitoring becomes essential to identify real-world safety concerns. The Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), established in 2010, leads the nationa